Muscat, the capital of Oman, is one of the most underrated cities in the world. Spread across a dramatic landscape of volcanic mountains, turquoise sea, and ancient forts, this city rewards slow exploration. It lacks the glitzy skyscrapers of Dubai or Doha, but what it offers instead is far more valuable: authenticity, culture, extraordinary architecture, and a glimpse of Arabia at its most genuine. Here are the 20 best things to do in Muscat for first-time visitors.

1. Visit the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque

The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque is one of the most beautiful mosques in the world and an absolute must-see. Built over six years and completed in 2001, it can accommodate up to 20,000 worshippers and features a hand-loomed Persian carpet covering 4,343 square metres — one of the largest in the world. Non-Muslims are welcome to visit on Saturday through Thursday mornings (8am–11am). Dress modestly — women must cover their hair, and both men and women should wear loose, full-length clothing.

2. Explore Mutrah Souq

One of the oldest souqs in the Arabian Peninsula, Mutrah Souq is a labyrinthine maze of narrow alleyways packed with frankincense, silver jewellery, Omani khanjar daggers, textiles, and spices. Unlike some heavily commercialised souqs in the region, Mutrah still feels genuinely authentic. Stroll through its covered corridors in the evening when the temperature drops and the atmosphere comes alive. Bargaining is expected.

3. Walk the Mutrah Corniche

Running along the waterfront of old Muscat's harbour, the Mutrah Corniche is a lovely promenade lined with palm trees, colourful fishing boats, and views of the surrounding mountains. Evening walks here are particularly pleasant, with the corniche lights reflecting off the water and local families out for their nightly stroll. It connects directly to the souq at one end.

4. Tour the Royal Opera House Muscat

A stunning example of Islamic architecture and world-class acoustics, the Royal Opera House Muscat opened in 2011 and hosts international performances year-round. Even if you cannot attend a performance, guided tours of the stunning building are available. The surrounding gardens and restaurants make it a wonderful evening destination.

5. Discover Old Muscat — Al Jalali and Al Mirani Forts

The historic heart of old Muscat is a compact and charming district guarded by two ancient Portuguese forts — Al Jalali and Al Mirani — perched dramatically on rocky outcrops overlooking the harbour. The forts are not open for public entry, but the area around them is beautiful for walking, with the Sultan's Palace (Al Alam Palace) forming an impressive centrepiece. The ornate blue and gold facade is one of the most photographed sights in Oman.

6. Climb to the Riyam Monument

For panoramic views over Mutrah harbour and the surrounding coastline, hike or drive up to the Riyam Monument — a large incense burner structure that has become an icon of Muscat's skyline. The hilltop park here is a popular local hangout, especially at sunset.

7. Visit the National Museum of Oman

Opened in 2016, the National Museum of Oman in Muscat's Shati al Qurum district is a world-class institution telling the 10,000-year story of Oman's civilisation. From ancient frankincense trade route artefacts to traditional Omani crafts and maritime heritage, the museum is beautifully curated and a highlight for history lovers.

8. Spend a Morning at Qurum Beach

Muscat's most popular public beach, Qurum Beach, is a long, clean stretch of sand ideal for swimming, walking, or simply relaxing with a view. The water is warm and calm for most of the year. Nearby Qurum Natural Park adds greenery and picnic spots to the neighbourhood.

9. Drive the Scenic Coast Road to Qantab

Rent a car and drive south along the rugged coastal road towards the small fishing village of Qantab and beyond to Bandar Jissah. The landscape of dramatic cliffs, hidden coves, and turquoise water is spectacular. Bandar Jissah has excellent snorkelling and a turtle nesting beach.

10. Snorkel at Daymaniyat Islands

The Daymaniyat Islands, a protected nature reserve about 18 kilometres offshore from Muscat, are home to some of the best snorkelling and diving in Oman. Crystal-clear water, abundant coral, sea turtles, and reef fish make this a highlight for nature lovers. Day trips by boat can be arranged from the capital.

11. Shop at Muscat Festival and Local Markets

If you visit between January and February, the annual Muscat Festival is a massive cultural event with traditional performances, art, heritage exhibitions, and food stalls from across Oman. Year-round, the Friday Market near Nizwa Road (driving distance from Muscat) is a fascinating place to browse antiques, silverware, and livestock.

12. Sample Omani Cuisine

Muscat is the best place to taste traditional Omani food. Do not leave without trying:

• Shuwa — slow-cooked marinated lamb or goat, cooked underground for up to 48 hours.
• Majboos — spiced rice with meat, similar to biryani.
• Mashuai — whole grilled kingfish served with lemon rice.
• Halwa — the iconic Omani sweet made with sugar, rosewater, and saffron.
• Kahwa — Omani coffee flavoured with cardamom and rosewater, always served with dates.

13. Visit Bait Al Zubair Museum

A private museum housed in a beautiful old Omani house in Muscat, Bait Al Zubair is one of the finest small museums in the country. Its collection of traditional weapons, jewellery, costumes, and household artefacts offers an intimate window into Omani culture and daily life across the centuries.

14. Take a Dhow Cruise

An evening dhow cruise from Muscat's harbour is a wonderfully relaxing way to see the city from the sea. Traditional wooden dhows — the same design Omanis have used for centuries to trade across the Indian Ocean — take small groups out along the coast, often with dolphin sightings along the way.

15. Day Trip to Bimmah Sinkhole

Just 90 minutes from Muscat, the Bimmah Sinkhole (Hawiyat Najm Park) is a stunning natural pool of turquoise water inside a collapsed limestone cavern. You can swim in it, and entry is completely free. It is easily combined with a trip to Wadi Shab further down the coast.

16. Explore the Qurum Antique Market

For lovers of old Omani silver, khanjar daggers, carved wooden chests, Bedu jewellery, and vintage items, the antique and secondhand shops along the Qurum strip are endlessly fascinating. Friday mornings are particularly lively.

17. Visit a Falaj (Ancient Irrigation System)

Oman's falaj system — a UNESCO-listed network of ancient water channels that has irrigated Omani farms for over 3,000 years — is a remarkable engineering achievement. You can see functioning falaj channels throughout Muscat's outskirts and in nearby villages. Asking a local to explain the system often opens up wonderful conversations.

18. Sunset at Al Bustan Beach

Al Bustan, south of old Muscat, is a beautiful beach set against a dramatic mountain backdrop. The sunsets here are spectacular, and the peaceful atmosphere makes it a favourite among expats and locals alike. Nearby you will find the iconic Al Bustan Palace hotel — even if you are not staying, the hotel's lobby and grounds are worth a look.

19. Watch a Cricket Match

Oman has a passionate cricket culture, particularly among the South Asian expat community. The Oman Cricket Academy Ground in Al Amerat hosts international matches — including ICC World Cup qualifiers — and attending a game is a lively, fun way to experience a different side of Omani social life.

20. Take a Day Trip to Nizwa

While technically outside Muscat, Nizwa is only a 90-minute drive away and is one of Oman's most important cultural destinations. The magnificent Nizwa Fort, the famous goat and cattle market (held on Friday mornings), the date souq, and the surrounding mountain villages make it the ideal day trip from the capital.

Practical Tips for Visiting Muscat

• Getting around: Muscat is a sprawling city — a rental car is strongly recommended. Taxis (metered or app-based via Mwasalat Maas) are available but expensive over longer distances.
• Dress code: Dress modestly in public. Shoulders and knees should be covered in traditional areas, markets, and religious sites.
• Currency: Omani Rial (OMR). ATMs are widely available. Cards are accepted in most malls and hotels.
• Safety: Muscat is exceptionally safe — one of the safest cities in the world. Petty crime is very rare.
• Language: Arabic is the official language, but English is widely spoken in hotels, restaurants, and tourist areas.

Final Thoughts

Muscat is a city that surprises you. It does not shout for your attention — it draws you in quietly, with its ancient forts, incense-filled souqs, wild coastline, and the warmth of its people. Whether you spend two days or two weeks, Muscat will leave a mark on you. This is Arabia at its most welcoming — and it is well worth every moment of your time.